VETSCOPE

Broad spectrum dewormer most useful with quarterly frequency.

Maropitant citrate is also a good appetite stimulant.

Please tell me about this disease treatment history what can I do??

Hello, how are you? I am a veterinarian in Argentina, I would also investigate the possibility of an infectious disease, even if you are vaccinated, FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS. REGARDS.

I use prescription diet already containing probiotics, but I agree on prescribing them after the parenteral treatment, there is no intestinal mucosa where the bacterias can live!

Recommendation Radiograph. Blood work to make sure it is safe to use NSAID. Galliprant, Gabapentin, CBD. Glucosamine and Chondroitin. Adequan injection every 4 days. Flexadin Advanced. Physical therapy. Accupuncture. Laser treatment.

The dose of ephedrine is 0.02 to 0.1 mg/kg IV. Personally, I would repeat 0.02 mg/kg IV until blood pressure comes up. The indication of ephedrine is hypotension with bradycardia. It is especially effective for animals that do not respond to atropine. Ephedrine works well in hypothermic small dogs and cats although atropine may be ineffective in those. Although dilution is not particularly necessary, you can dilute when the volume is low. There is also no particular rate of administration, but ephedrine should be given slowly. The duration of action would be around 20 minutes. Adverse effects include tachycardia, hypertension, tachyarrhythmia, and ventricular premature complex. As the duration of action is short, undesirable effects disappear quickly. Thus, you let it go unless they turn into fatal arrhythmias with hypotension. In addition, you should pay attention to the depth of anesthesia, because ephedrine increase MAC of inhalants.

It is important to give the loading dose of fentanyl before the CRI. Please consider the loading dose of 5-10 ug/kg Fentanyl. You may also need to increase the dose of CRI if you want to significantly reduce the amount of isoflurane. Depending on the case, it may go up to 30 ug/kg/h. If it comes to this point, isoflurane can be maintained at less than 1%. However, side effects become stronger on dosage dependency. Firstly, you need a ventilator because of hypoventilation or apnoea. Secondly, atropine, glycopyrrolate, ephedrine, etc. may be required depending on the blood pressure as it can cause severe bradycardia. Finally, a patient may get excited when awakening, or become sensitive to light and noise, so it is important to reduce the dose of CRI to the range of 1-5 ug/kg/h, just before the end of anesthesia.

Hypoadrenocorticism in cats is very rare but you can find some literature on this topic. Most of the cats have undergone the diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism based on an ACTH stimulation test using 0.125mg of synthetic ACTH via IV while observing the flat line before and after the stimulation. In dogs, Addison's disease cannot be completely ruled out when the baseline cortisol is under 2 (you need to do the full ACTH stimulation test), while the baseline cortisol above 2 can rule out Addison’s disease. We currently do not have such a diagnostic protocol established in cats. Since Addison's disease is very rare in cats, it may be best to perform the ACTH stimulation test to confirm the diagnosis rather than relying only on a single value of the baseline cortisol. Please feel free to contact your local internists regarding patients with complicated endocrinopathy if available.

It is commonly said that agitated/fractious dogs and cats can show high levels of PCV due to the contraction of the spleen. It is also known that the contraction of the spleen is caused by the release of epinephrine. One study in the 80s on cats published in AmJVetRes demonstrates that the existence of the spleen leads to a false increase in PCV levels (compared to splenectomized cats). Your cases seem to fit with the evidence above. As you probably have been doing, it is best not to change anything but to monitor the PCV levels longitudinally to monitor the patients as long as the patients are stable. However, it is important to make sure that you are not missing any concurrent conditions that can lead to dehydration (hence false increase in PCV) especially when your feline IMHA patients are on prednisolone; diabetes mellitus, pyelonephritis, the progression of underlying kidney disease, etc. Please feel free to contact your local veterinary internists if available.

Hi, Metronomic Chemotherapy is a great option for certain tumours where the owner cannot pursue more intense forms of chemotherapy or the ideal treatment modality is not available - It will not cause remission, but can reduce tumour growth enough to influence morbidity and mortality - which is all we want! I really like it for cases where tumour margins may be dirty and the owners cannot purse radiotherapy, or for cases such as diffuse haemangiosarc where our goal is reducing further metastasis! Chat to your local friendly oncologist, but it is a great option to have for your clients!

The digit lesion is very severe, and likely the only way to improve quality of life would be to amputate. However, additional lesions will develop in the near future (especially since 2 digits are already affected). To obtain a diagnosis, you could also consider a fine needle aspirate or biopsy under anesthesia. In my opinion, even without additional diagnostics, this is very suspicious for lung-digit syndrome and the cat’s prognosis is guarded to poor. Amputation of the digits will temporarily improve the quality of life, but the cat may have mobility issues postoperatively. Prior to removing them, I would recommend radiographs of the rest of the feet to rule out other lesions. If other lesions are present, my recommendation would be pain management of euthanasia, unfortunately.

Since the melanoma vaccine is not an option, I would consider carboplatin chemotherapy. There is conflicting information in the literature about the benefit of carboplatin, but one study showed a benefit. In addition, an older study showed that some dogs with bulky melanoma had a reduction in size with carboplatin.